PREVALENCE AND PERCEPTION OF HYPERTENSION AMONG CLINICAL MEDICAL STUDENTS AND HOUSE OFFICERS IN A TERTIARY CARE SETTING IN KARACHI

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a leading non-communicable disease globally, often silent yet significantly contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Early prevention and control are crucial, particularly among health professionals expected to model healthy behavior. However, studies suggest a disconnect between medical knowledge and personal health practices.

Objective: To assess the knowledge, risk perception, and lifestyle practices related to hypertension among final-year medical students and house officers at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi.

Methods:This descriptive, cross-sectional study included 247 participants from Jinnah Sindh Medical University (JSMU) and JPMC Hospital. A structured questionnaire assessed awareness and behavioral risk factors, while blood pressure was recorded using a sphygmomanometer. Data were analyzed using SPSS v26. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and correlation analyses were performed to explore associations between knowledge, perception, and practices.

Results:Out of 247 participants (mean age 24.8 years), 18% were hypertensive (self-reported or measured), while 34% were in the prehypertensive range. Although 92% identified stress and salt intake as major risk factors, only 41% reported intentionally reducing salt in their diet. Daily physical activity averaged ~3000–4000 steps due to ward rotations, yet 68% did not consider it sufficient exercise. Significant gaps were observed between knowledge and actionable behavior (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: Despite high awareness of hypertension, many medical trainees fail to implement essential lifestyle modifications. Institutional wellness initiatives and integration of preventive health education into clinical training are recommended.